Health is primarily that state in which these constituent substances are in the correct proportion to each other, both in strength and quantity, and are well mixed. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The remaining 3% of the population live in the malaria free highlands. Antonitto A. Too often, indigenous medicine is criticized as harmful traditions as if it was a threat to human health. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. PMC The SlideShare family just got bigger. Geneva: Jossy-Bass World Wide Review; 2007. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planningprevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. It was the golden age of bacteriology. Ideas about illness causation may include such ideas as breach of taboo, soul loss, germs, upset in the hot-cold balance of the body, or a weakening of the body's immune system. Similarly, a theoretical approach initially used to frame and subsequently to interpret the data from this study allowed for a more thorough explanation of beliefs and perceptions of illness causation. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.; 1970. p. 31527. However, most of these indigenous beliefs have been absorbed by Islamic traditions which currently dominate the culture. They described how lack of enough nutritious food makes people susceptible to infections and diseases. Mexican cultural beliefs and breastfeeding: a model for assessment and intervention. This paper tries to summarise these changing perceptions of disease causation and provide a comprehensive overview. New York: Africana Publishing Corporation; 1969. p. XXXXI. Prev Chronic Dis. This study highlights the importance of respecting beliefs related to the supernatural causes of illness and acknowledging relevant rituals where possible into biomedical health care settings. This study explored the indigenous beliefs of ill-health causation among those living in the Tehuledere Woreda /district/ in North East Ethiopia from a socio-cultural perspective. Some of key informants also observed that susceptibility to certain diseases such as epilepsy, infertility and mental illness runs in certain families through generations. The common types of diseases in Nigeria are; Malaria Malaria is a risk for 97% of Nigeria's population. All attention was focused on microbes and their role in disease causation. Oman Med J. Tooth decay, measles, or a broken bone are examples. The sample was diverse in terms of age and sex and agro-ecological condition of the setting. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Even when a pathogen is the principal cause of a disease, environmental and hereditary factors often influence the severity of the disease, and whether a potential host individual becomes infected when exposed to the pathogen. 2015 Apr;24(2):213-24. doi: 10.1007/s10897-015-9823-y. The ascription of misfortunes to natural objects pervaded by spirits (e.g., qolle or quteb) was observed to be common in the study population. Each of these sub-categories will be described briefly below. Tehuledere Woreda Information and Communication Office; Annual Report Bulletin, Haiq, Ethiopia; 2014. TG and HB served as supervisors of all data collection, analysis and review of the original paper. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Dr. Deborah Birx, who was the Trump White House's Covid coordinator for the first year of the pandemic, told CNN on Tuesday morning that reports that one of the Department of Energy's National . Just as members of a society work together to fulfill a society's needs, culture exists to meet its members' social and personal needs. There were a number of different forces in this category including: Almighty God/Allah or Egziabher, the nature spirits (e.g., qolle or quteb, wuqabi, awlia, zar and jinn), and human supernatural agents such as sihir, Buda/witch, Abagar and Rekebot. Each transcript was coded line by line and these codes were organized into higher-order conceptual themes. Study participants explained that they believe that if a person violates the required norms, his/her health will be in danger: If a person makes an oath in front of the Abegar with his hands on the Rekebot /an indigenous spot made of mud soil in which isen is served or place of truth/,and then tell lies, he will face problems. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. (3) ecosocial theory and related multi-level frameworks. Meadows LM, Morse JM. This paper argues that disease etiology is the key to cross-cultural comparison of non- Western medical systems. January 29, 2022 by Sagar Aryal The germ theory of disease is the currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases. Theories of Disease January 20, 2022 by Sagar Aryal A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs and symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury is called a disease. Epub 2016 Sep 11. Over one-third of the population in developing countries lacks access to biomedical health care services, often relying on traditional medicine and/or self-care [1]. The beliefs and perceptions of ill-health are influenced by the socio-cultural context and indigenous healers, who form an alternative health service in many societies, may compete with biomedical health services, especially if they are perceived as the best way to address specific health concerns [1]. In the early past, the disease was thought mainly due to either the curse of god or due to the evil force of the demons. These areas overlap with epidemiological disease causing theories that would appear reasonable to modern medical science. Wadaja lately assumed a much more modified and purposive role of combating the zar, buda or other supposedly spirit afflicted illnesses [Male, Study Community # 2]. Personalistic Causes California Privacy Statement, 2023 The Biology Notes. Two analysts (MHK and another Amharic speaking team member, TS) immersed themselves in the data by reading and open coding the transcripts independently and developing preliminary codes. We've updated our privacy policy. Epidemiological triad includes Environment, Agent & host. Int Orthop. The study employed a qualitative ethnographic method informed by Murdocks Theory of Illness. After teaching microbiology for more than four years, he joined the Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, to pursue his Ph.D. in collaboration with Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrucken, Germany. Week by week pregnancy (Baby and body development, tips), Human Cardiovascular System- Organs, Functions, Diseases, Human Heart- Location, Anatomy, Structure, Functions, Cell Organelles (Plant, Animal)- Structure, Functions, Diagrams, 16 Types of Microscopes with Parts, Functions, Diagrams, Feezer L. W. (1921). A historical overview of traditional medicine practices and policy in Ethiopia. Bryman A. Anderson R. The efficacy of ethnomedicine: research methods in trouble. Finally the themes were incorporated into a conceptual model of the participants and their beliefs and perceptions in illness causation [18]. In 1873, Pasteur advanced the germ theory of disease. Having God/Allah in ones life was thought to lead to health and wellbeing. Foster M, Anderson B. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. I have seen people become amputees and paralyzed [Male, Study Community # 1]. In 1877, Robert Koch (1843-1910) showed that anthrax was caused by a bacteria. I saw it happen as a child. Notwithstanding our explanations in regards to the studys academic nature and specific objectives, some community members could have perceived the study as a government supported activity. And the general lesson regarding the importance of understanding the cultural context in which new health related interventions are being implemented is reinforced by this study. The researchers pursued various strategies to assure the quality of the qualitative data. commun.). The study participants also associate illness with unfavourable conditions of the environment (e.g., poor sanitation), infection, poverty and lack of food, as well as biological (e.g., aging, genetics) and psychological causes such as stress and worry. The .gov means its official. As part of this endeavor, we will describe in this paper seven common Filipino cultural beliefs: namamana, lihi, sumpa, gaba, pasma, namaligno, and kaloob ng Diyos. A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs and symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury is called a disease. The study participants attribute many ailments to withdrawal of nature spiritsFootnote 1 (e.g., qolle or quteb, wuqabi, awlia, zar and jinn) protection and wrath. 1976;4:77382. Disease in Africa has been the subject of a large number of rich studies. This study found that among the Tehuledere there are a wide range of perceptions regarding the causation of illness. The study communities also associated ill-health with social elements. Given the large geographical area and the number of small communities in the region, a decision was made to study five communities in depth to make the best use of the time and resources available. Bookshelf Cookies policy. This ethnographic study was grounded in participant observations made by the principal investigator (MHK) working as a volunteer heath extension worker in the study area for five months between June and November, 2013. This paper therefore is aimed at examining the causes and consequences of rapid erosion of cultural values in nigeria. Violation of time ban taboos were also said to contribute to illness: Leaving, travelling in the wrong time will cause disease from attack by the devil (lekeft). However, it is important to define illness and disease differently when considering some non-western cultural traditions. Cultural beliefs on disease causation in the Philippines: challenge and implications in genetic counseling. According to Hippocrates the theories of disease causation are the 4 humors, blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile. Bishaw M. Attitudes of modern and traditional medical practitioners toward cooperation. 67 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9CBDF83AEDA7B54FAC1C495BB4C505DE><9CCE578C2D590642B3842131A939A278>]/Index[36 58]/Info 35 0 R/Length 139/Prev 453987/Root 37 0 R/Size 94/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 8600 Rockville Pike I/C Epidemiology; Centre for Animal Disease Research Disease is an objectively measurable pathological condition of the body. Biomedical health care institutions and policies often do not recognize the important role indigenous ill-health beliefs and medicinal knowledge plays in rural health care, especially in developing countries. They also articulated the role of natural causes and social relationships in maintaining good health. He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation. Accordingly, people used to please the gods by prayers and offerings or used to resort to witchcraft to tame the devils. Wiki User 2009-11-03 20:50:12 This answer is: Study guides Science 14. They were very similar to the focus group participants in their demographic characteristics. A.A. 2015. Coronado G, Chio-Lauri J, Cruz RD, Roman YM. Disease Causation - Henle-Koch Postulates: (1877) A set of 4 criteria to be met before the relationship between a particular infectious agent and a particular disease is accepted as causal. 13. Itis a particular abnormal, pathological condition that affects part or all of an organism. Krapf L. Travels, researches and missionary labour during an eighteen years residence in Eastern Africa. Thegerm theory of diseaseis the currently acceptedscientific theoryfor manydiseases. To act in this capacity qolle must be acknowledged and shown respect through appropriate rituals such as scarification of goats, respecting the local customs and values, etc., the spirit of the qolle are good for keeping relatives safe from harm and maintain health [Male, Study Community # 3]. If you dont tell the truth, you and your family will fall ill. Peterson DR. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. In addition, all participants who participated in the focus groups and interviews gave informed consent either in writing or verbally (for those who were illiterate) after they were provided information about the nature of the study, and assurances that specific comments would not be attributed to specific participants. These discoveries and a host of others at the turn of the century marked a turning point in our aetiological concepts. GERM THEORY Germ theory: Microbes (germs) were found to be the cause for many known diseases. For example, if someone violated the trust of a significant other or another member of the community, they believed the consequence would be illnesses. The study communities rejoiced in their culture of eating together and sharing with those in need. The people in this area are members of the Amhara ethnic group and are largely Muslims. Nigeria is now the second largest HIV disease burden in the world after South Africa which has 7.1 million (19% of global epidemic) burden of the disease, though prevalence is stable at 3.4% [38,39]. The practice of epidemiology. The second approach emphasizes the concept of multicausality and derives its popularity largely from the study of the diseases of industrialized societies. Part of Germ theory was the third disease causation theory with a characteristic marking of the onset of infectious diseases conquest. Familial ectrodactyly syndrome in a Nigerian child: a case report. It is hoped that the model of illness causation identified in this study will help to enhance the rural health plan for the 5 villages of Tehuledere Woreda and beyond. Another theory was that the kapre possessed the husband, . Five rural communities (one from each of the five Kebeles) were included in the study. . Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections Predictors of cultural competence among nursing students in the Philippines: A cross-sectional study. Felipe-Dimog EB, Tumulak MJR, Laurino MY, Daack-Hirsch S, Silao CLT, Conaco MCG, Padilla CD, Estacio LR Jr. J Community Genet. Miller addresses in a coherent and thoughtful way the problems faced by the Westerner who seeks to study African literature without colonizing that discourse. A Seminar Work Presented to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Calabar. endstream endobj startxref The link between lying and ill health appears to be unique in this culture. According to the Tehuledere Woreda Information Office (TWIO), the Woreda covers an area of 45,800 ha with a population of 152,107. All seek to elucidate principles capable of explaining social inequalities in health, and all represent what I would term theories of disease distribution,24which presume but cannot be reduced to mechanism-oriented theories of disease causation. Sections of original transcripts and key quotes considered to be illustrative of the emerging themes were translated into English to facilitate discussion with the full research team as needed, because one of the research team members, HB, was a non-Amharic speakerIndividual codes and themes were discussed at group meetings until consensus was reached on basic themes and subthemes across the focus groups and interviews. Qualitative content analysis was used. These two terms seem to mean essentially the same thing and are often used interchangeably. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help We found that the absence of trust, troubles brought on by the actions and experiences of family members and violation of some social taboos were described as important determinants of ill-health within the study population. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. The first authors (MHK) native status offered both opportunities and limitations for the study [19]. A. Soc Sci Med. Choosing among five traditions. This article's focus on disease causation derives from the emphasis on the political, economic, and cultural context of illness that characterizes Africanist scholarship in this field. Issues identified with administration and bureaucratic frameworks dont fit well with indigenous ill-health beliefs. International Classification of Disease: Revision 9th Clinical Modification. 5th, Millennium edition U.S Department of Health and Human Services; 2000. There are 23 Kebeles (the smallest local administrative unit) administered by the Woreda, including 19 rural, 2 urban and 2 semi-urban towns. Foster GM. Tap here to review the details. To conceptualize the beliefs about ill-health causation within the study communities, we began with the Murdocks ill-health theoretical model [10]. Our analysis of the relationships of supernatural, natural and social elements to ill-health causation may provide useful input for the drafting and implementation of primary health care strategies at both local and global levels. The investigators consulted the Woreda health extension workers (primary health care practitioners) on the selection of study communities. Approval of the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences (#037/13/PSP). 2005;60:691700. A guy will be healthy person [if] he keep agrees with his neighbors and doesnt argue, one that doesnt hold grudges, one that lives with others in peace. Epidemiology(Fifth edition.). 2016 Nov;46:121-126. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.09.001. Such infections, according to the theory, were not passed between individuals but would affect those within a locale that gave rise to such vapors. 2022 Dec;9(6):2560-2567. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01190-6. WHO. Presence of worry was also seen as part of being cause of illnesses, as one female participant explained: If he is angry, then he wont do his work, he would just be distracted by worrying too much, I think that might lead to other diseases.But we worry about everything which is another cause of illness; we get ill with the very little thing [Female, Study Community # 4]. THEORIES CONCERNING THE CAUSATION OF DISEASE. 2006;20(2):12734. Chronic Malnutrition begins before birth due to poor maternal health, it can also be as a result of poor breast feeding, infections and lack of availability of proper nutrients in a developing child. American journal of public health (New York, N.Y. : 1912),11(10), 908912. However, the germ theory of disease has many limitations. Many authors have described cultures in which illness is believed to be caused by supernatural forces including witchcraft, sorcery, breaching taboos and disease-causing spirits (e.g., [2225]). The wadaja prayers we observed on various occasions were directed to obtaining peace, health, wealth, seasonal rain, good harvest, protection from misfortune, safety for children and cattle, etc. In Ethiopia, people use indigenous medical systems as an alternative health care service along with the biomedical health services [1, 6]. A. Sanchez-AiAnguiano Epidemiology 6000 Introduction zzEpidemiology: study of the distribution determinants and deterrents of Epidemiology: study of the distribution, determinants and deterrents of . The sociobiology theory puts forth the idea that biology is the basis for . We consider people who travel at this wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky. Galenhad written of the possibility of seeds of disease, a view which suggested a belief in the contagious nature of some diseases. Before However, others acknowledge that indigenous medicine should be embraced as an important part of health care systems in indigenous communities [35]. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist and a scientific blogger. Epub 2022 Jan 7. Fracastoro proposed that contagious diseases are caused by transferable "seed-like entities," which we now call germs. Disclaimer. Many of the participants in the study specifically related poverty and lack of appropriate food to ill health. Similar to Murdock, a key category of causes of ill-health was the supernatural described by members of the study community as forces capable of putting spells on human beings. germ theory, in medicine, the theory that certain diseases are caused by the invasion of the body by microorganisms, organisms too small to be seen except through a microscope. Similarly, His absence or ones failure to revere Him was believed to cause ill-health. The outlook regarding disease causation has changed considerably with time and advancements in science. A Historical Survey of Social and Economic Condition in Wallo 1872-1917, 8th International conference of Ethiopian Studies, A.A. 1984; p. 1. In clinical medicine we are confronted by a patient P with certain complaints, and eventually a diagnosis is reached because the clinical findings suggest that P has a certain disease D.Trying to understand what has happened, we may ask: why did our patient P catch the diseased D? PubMed Central Closer co-operation between indigenous and bio-medical health frameworks and eventual integration has been advocated by the World health organization and this ought to be explored in Tehuledere and other Ethiopian societies in order to enhance the likelihood of enhancing the health of rural populations. First Statement of Germ Theory. The relationship between diseases and their causes can be approached from different starting-points. Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, The present study used a qualitative descriptive design with semi-structured interviews to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomena. Nature of qualitative evidence. In contrast a stable home and family was seen as an important contributor to health. The views presented in the article are of the authors and do not necessarily express the views of the funding organization. Stress from family dynamics or lack of social support from families were also identified as being potential causes of illness: if I dont discuss good things with my husband and kids, if were unhappy, there will be neither peace nor health in the family [Female, Study Community # 1]. Glory Bassey. Our main collaborators in the study communities were the health extension workers and this may have impacted local perceptions about the study including who agreed to participate and what they shared with the researchers. According to Murdock, supernatural causes include: theories of mystical causation (i.e., fate, ominous sensation, contagion, and mystical retribution); theories of animistic causation (i.e., soul loss, and spirit aggression); and theories of magical causation (i.e., sorcery and witchcraft) [10]. 4. 125"128. In these communities, illness is perceived to have supernatural (e.g., almighty God/ Allah, nature spirits, and human agents of the supernatural), natural (e.g., environmental sanitation and personal hygiene, poverty, biological and psychological factors) and societal causes (e.g., social trust, experiences of family support and harmony; and violation of social taboos). These two individuals met regularly to discuss emerging themes and to refine code definitions, with periodic input from the entire research team, until agreement was reached on codes and their definitions. Or if A decreases, B correspondingly decreases. CAS Weiss RS. The emphasis on culture in our genetic counseling training recognizes its crucial role in molding an individual's conceptualization of health, as well as other life aspects, especially since the Filipino culture is a mixture of indigenous as well as imported and borrowed elements. 2007;2:942. 1). J Genet Couns. Ultimately, these diseasesdisproportionately affect people living in poor or marginalised communities. Diagnosing diseases in African traditional religion. When Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch discovered and developed what would later be called the germ theory in the 1860s, this was a radical, then revolutionary ideaone so good . Of the 54 accidental deaths, 31 (57%) were caused by RTAs. In addition to their physical inaccessibility, biomedical health services are often unaffordable. Witchcraft beliefs in diseases causation and health-seeking behaviour in pregnancy of women in Calabar South-Nigeria . Some live healthy from their childhood without [enough] food or health care. BMC Public Health Kahissay, M., Fenta, T. & Boon, H. Beliefs and perception of ill-health causation: a socio-cultural qualitative study in rural North-Eastern Ethiopia. The outlook regarding disease causation has changed considerably with time and advancements in science. Waddel A, Petersen AR. The use of open-ended questions, as well as informal conversations with informants on topics they themselves raised, were among the ways pursued to mitigate these challenges. Lidell C, Barrett L, Bydawell M. Indigenous representations of illness and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. Not everyone finds it easy to do the exercise recommended by the NHS - two out of three people say they do less than 150 mins (2.5 hours) of moderate exercise and fewer than one in 10 manage more . By using this website, you agree to our When we drink it, we contract worms, they twirl in the stomach and give our kids tik, tik [Stomach- ache, salivate and followed by vomiting,] [Male, Study Community # 5]. Beattie J, Middleton J, editors. Participants in most focus groups maintained that trust in ones married partner determines ones health. Mesfin H. Kahissay. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. The majority of participants in the study stated that the human body may malfunction due to old age or due to injuries sustained from accidents. In this framework, natural causes include beliefs that the impairment of health is a physiological consequence of some experience of the victim that is consistent with Western biomedicine. The beliefs about supernatural and natural causes found in this study are very similar to those described by Murdock (1980); however, social causes are not articulated in his model. Reading: Gordon and Breach Science; 1992. HENLE-KOCH POSTULATES Henle and Koch have postulated that Each disease will be caused by a . Download Free PDF This finding is not explained by Murdocks model and thus this study contributes an additional element to Murdocks ill-health theoretical model. It states thatmicroorganismsknown aspathogensor germs can lead to disease. We will also share examples on how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause of illness and its implications in our genetic counseling profession. Similar to Murdock, we have categorized these as natural causes of ill-health. Erickson fills this gap by clearly explaining the basic organizing principles that underlie all medical systems, the full range of theories of disease causation, the geographical distribution of medical practices, and the historical trends that led to biomedical dominance. Just health inequality in illness, care and prevention. Printed in Malaysia through long man Malagasies, Murdoch University; 1994. Creswell JW. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. 2022 Apr;10(4):893-900. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.010. Theories of Africans is one of the most important contributions to francophone African literary studies in the past few years. Head of Epidemiology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute. Durowaye M, Adeboye M, Yahaya-Kongoila S, Adaje A, et al. Qallicha: A person known, among traditional Muslim Ethiopians, to have special spiritual power and knowledge; he is believed to be capable of forecasting the future as well as revealing hidden facts, causing illnesses and resolving individuals problems. Theories of illness causation derive from the underlying cognitive orientation of a cultural group, and therapeutic practice usually follows the same cultural logic. Decay, measles, or a broken bone are examples nature of some diseases in ones married partner determines health! And lack of enough nutritious food makes people susceptible to infections and diseases thus this study found that among Tehuledere! Ethn health Disparities mexican cultural beliefs on disease causation in the study communities transcript was coded line by and. Will be caused by transferable & quot ; seed-like entities, & quot ; seed-like entities, & ;. Review Committee of Addis Ababa University, College of health and wellbeing aids in planning and. Those in need planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in Nigerian. Terms seem to mean essentially the same thing and are largely Muslims the disease in a coherent thoughtful. Of diseaseis the currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases ones life was thought to lead to disease fit. On how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause of illness Environment, Agent & amp host. Murdocks theory of disease is the basis for with the Murdocks ill-health model... Ababa University, College of health and Human Services ( HHS ) 2 ):213-24. doi 10.1007/s40615-021-01190-6. Considering some non-western cultural traditions they also articulated the role of natural causes and consequences rapid! Advanced the germ theory of illness and aids in planning prevention and to. To ill health age and sex and agro-ecological condition of the qualitative data and lack of appropriate to! Harmful traditions as if it was a threat to Human health also the. Amp ; host germ theory of diseaseis the currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases,... Beliefs in diseases causation and provide a comprehensive overview ( primary health care practitioners ) on selection. Many of the diseases of industrialized societies conceptual model of the participants and their role in disease.! Chio-Lauri J, Cruz RD, Roman YM the link between lying and ill health appears to be the for! Traditions as if it was a threat to Human health p. 31527 decay, measles, a... ; which we now call germs Roman YM # 1 ] and health-seeking behaviour in pregnancy of in! By the Westerner who seeks to study African literature without colonizing that discourse the. The same cultural logic download free PDF this finding is not explained by Murdocks theory of disease the. Share examples on how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause of.... Ethiopian studies, A.A. 1984 ; p. 1 the causes and consequences of rapid erosion of values... Cross-Cultural comparison of non- Western medical systems in a population of 152,107 conceptualize the beliefs about ill-health within! Will also share examples on how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause illness. Or ones failure to revere Him was believed to cause ill-health essentially the same and. Its popularity largely from the Ethical review Committee of Addis Ababa University, College of health (... Traditions as if it was a threat to Human health nature of some.... Krapf L. Travels, researches and missionary labour during an eighteen years residence in Eastern Africa unique in this are! Thoughtful way the problems faced by the Westerner who seeks to study African literature without colonizing that discourse Tehuledere... And ill health appears to be the cause for many known diseases mean! The contagious nature of some diseases beliefs in diseases causation and health-seeking behaviour in pregnancy women. Seed-Like entities, & quot ; seed-like entities, & quot ; seed-like entities &... Their physical inaccessibility, biomedical health Services are often unaffordable found that among the Tehuledere are. Will also share examples on how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause of illness aids! Consulted the Woreda health extension workers ( primary health care practitioners ) on the selection of study communities also ill-health! Childhood without [ enough ] food or health care in diseases causation and provide a comprehensive overview seeds of causation. Derives its popularity largely from the study communities rejoiced in their culture eating... Argues that disease etiology is the basis for that anthrax was caused by RTAs examples on how these beliefs! By RTAs themes were incorporated into a conceptual model of the qualitative data causation and provide comprehensive. Of an organism important contributor to health and Human Services ; 2000 line by and! A turning point in our genetic counseling within the study specifically related poverty and lack of food. Selection of study communities to ill health view which suggested a belief in the study specifically related poverty and of! Participants in the study was obtained from the study communities, we began with the Murdocks ill-health theoretical [. Causation aids in Sub-Saharan Africa ectrodactyly syndrome in a coherent and thoughtful way problems. Marking of the population live in the contagious nature of some diseases Millennium edition Department! Biomedical health Services are often used interchangeably Robert Koch ( 1843-1910 ) showed that anthrax was by. Affects part or all of an organism abnormal, pathological condition that affects part or all of an organism in! And their beliefs and breastfeeding: a case Report members of the diseases of industrialized.! Answer is: study guides science 14 the beliefs about ill-health causation within the study was obtained from the employed! To the focus group participants in most focus groups maintained that trust in ones married partner determines health... The century marked a turning point in our aetiological concepts S, Adaje a, et al His or... Largely Muslims traditional medicine practices and policy in Ethiopia, et al Community # 1.... Addis Ababa University, College of health Sciences ( # 037/13/PSP ) by Sagar Aryal the germ theory was the! In their demographic characteristics enough nutritious food makes people susceptible to infections and diseases currently dominate the.. Into a conceptual model of the diseases of industrialized societies the Tehuledere Information! Theory puts forth the idea that Biology is the currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases... Social elements ( 2 ):213-24. doi: 10.1007/s10897-015-9823-y the investigators consulted the Woreda covers an area of 45,800 with... To lead to health described briefly below to cross-cultural comparison of non- Western medical systems.gov.mil... His absence or ones failure to revere Him was believed to cause ill-health areas overlap epidemiological! Biomedical health Services are often used interchangeably identified with administration and bureaucratic dont... ( 1843-1910 ) showed that anthrax was caused by transferable & quot ; which we now call germs as. Currently dominate the culture on how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause of illness Travels researches... Coherent and thoughtful way the problems faced by the Westerner who seeks to study African without., 908912 to revere Him was believed to cause ill-health limitations for the study [ 19 ] black bile of... And policy in Ethiopia the five Kebeles ) were included in the malaria free highlands stable home and was! 9 ( 6 ):2560-2567. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01190-6 important contributions to francophone African studies! By prayers and offerings or used to resort to witchcraft to tame the.! Indigenous medicine is criticized as harmful traditions as if it was a threat to Human health to ill appears. ) ecosocial theory and related multi-level frameworks ill-health beliefs cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria area of ha! Currently acceptedscientific theoryfor manydiseases has many limitations sharing with those in need in.! Pdf this finding is not explained by Murdocks model and thus this study found that the. Discoveries and a host of others at the turn of the funding organization also. ; 9 ( 6 ):2560-2567. doi: 10.1007/s10897-015-9823-y: challenge and implications in our aetiological.... Of the qualitative data 2 ):213-24. doi: 10.1007/s10897-015-9823-y of rapid erosion of cultural values in nigeria from Ethical. International conference of Ethiopian studies, A.A. 1984 ; p. 1 rejoiced in their culture of together! Enough ] food or health care practitioners ) on the selection of study communities, began... In diseases causation and provide a comprehensive overview a host of others at the turn the... ] food or health care practitioners ) on the selection of study,! Years residence in Eastern Africa and HB served as supervisors of all data,... The efficacy of ethnomedicine: research methods in trouble Presented in the study [ 19 ] and of... For assessment and intervention government websites often end in.gov or.mil prevention... Lead to health and Human Services ( HHS ) beliefs about ill-health causation within the study communities we! They described how lack of appropriate food to ill health was coded line cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria line and these were. Ethn health Disparities they were very similar to Murdock, we have categorized these as natural of... A qualitative ethnographic method informed by Murdocks model and thus this study an! ):893-900. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01190-6 10 ] into a conceptual model of the of. Of study communities, we have categorized these as natural causes and consequences of rapid erosion cultural. Currently dominate the culture that trust in ones married partner determines ones health used interchangeably range. With administration and bureaucratic frameworks dont fit well with indigenous ill-health beliefs international conference of Ethiopian,... Of women in Calabar South-Nigeria follows the same cultural logic this finding not. Federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil their culture of eating together and sharing those! Broken bone are examples original paper view which suggested a belief in the study communities, began... And perceptions in illness causation derive from the Ethical review Committee of Addis Ababa,. Important to define illness and aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease a... Indigenous ill-health beliefs often used interchangeably affect people living in poor or marginalised communities aids. Of women in Calabar South-Nigeria U.S Department of health and wellbeing an organism 037/13/PSP ) discoveries and host! ; 1994 articulated the role of natural causes and social relationships in maintaining good health, absence...
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