Of particular concern is the high number of murders in the southern region of the state associated with cartel-related violence. In 2021, Congress repealed many of the human rights provisions of the 2018 reform. The CNDH did not report on the merits of the complaints. These crimes are rarely reported, investigated, or punished. Crime and violence are widespread in Michoacan state. Reproductive Rights: There were no confirmed reports of coerced abortion or involuntary sterilization on the part of government authorities. In November, the UN Committee on Enforced Disappearances visited Mexicoits first visit to any country. According to NGOs, however, the state search committees often lacked the capacity to fulfill their mandate. Many teachers protested the re-opening, at the height of the third wave of reported Covid-19 deaths. Federal labor law requires a minimum of 20 workers to form a union. Mexico has made the vaccine eligible by regions and age groups, from older to younger people. On August 7, Yucatan governor Mauricio Villa announced the arrest of four police officers, but on August 14, a judge set them free due to a lack of evidence. In the June midterm elections, citizens voted for all members of the Chamber of Deputies, 15 governors, state legislators, and mayors across the country. Guanajuato isn't exactly the safest location in Mexico to travel to, but there are definitely some safe spots for people to visit. Their abduction followed the killings of two Yaqui activists and leaders: Thomas Rojo in May and Luis Urbano in June. MEXICO CITY The corpses of three people, dismembered and burned, were found in bags in Abasolo, in the state of Guanajuato, on Sept. 2. Disposition: Inactive State commissions do not have uniform reporting requirements, making it difficult to compare state data and therefore compile nationwide statistics. The Lpez Obrador administration has actively participated in abusive US immigration policies. President Lpez Obrador said the program had produced very good results.. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. In October and November, I spent several weeks in various parts of Mexico researching the evolution of crime and security policies. There were reports some government agents were complicit with international organized criminal gangs, and prosecution and conviction rates were low for these abuses. Civil society groups reported families living in inhuman conditions, with inadequate and cramped housing, no access to clean water or bathrooms, insufficient food, and without medical care. Globally, it ranks at number 19 in the list of countries with the highest . U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping in previous years. Sonora is a key location used by the international drug trade and human trafficking networks. From 1979 to 2020 only eight women had become governors. The Interior Secretariat reaffirmed its commitment to protect refugee applicants even as the country experienced an unprecedented number of applicants. Thus, they can act against crime and arrest people only when they see crime happeningin flagrancia. Factors associated with maternal deaths included parents with lower levels of education, poor hospital infrastructure and human capacity, and lack of access to maternity care, especially for pregnant women living in rural areas. Between January and May there were an additional 20 complaints of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment against the National Guard, 20 against the army, and 11 against the National Migration Institute. The government continued to pursue the extradition of Tomas Zeron from Israel. But the 2021 midterms showed to an unprecedented degree that the criminal groups are no longer satisfied to coopt elected officials. Mexico highlighted that one of its priorities on the council would be the protection of children. Read the full report. Women and girls continue to face alarming rates of gender-based violence. Sexual Exploitation of Children: The law prohibits the commercial sexual exploitation of children, and authorities generally enforced the law. The government did not effectively enforce the law. It may exercise its power to call before the Senate government authorities who refuse to accept or enforce its recommendations. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. Country Summary: Violent crime such as homicide, kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery is widespread and common in Mexico. As a lawyer there put it: The National Guard are the most expensive mannequins in Mexico.. Mexico has relied heavily on the military to control drugs and fight organized crime, leading to widespread human rights violations. A new survey, conducted by The Harris Poll on behalf of APA, tells a story of uncertainty and dissolution. The CNDH maintained a human rights program to inform and assist members of indigenous communities. San Luis Potosi state Exercise Increased Caution. The states where the most political violence occurred were Veracruz, followed by Guerrero and Guanajuato. These include high-traffic tourism areas of border and coastal communities, such asTijuana,Ensenada, andRosarito. In March 2022, the most usual type of crime reported in Mexico was family violence. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, a. The midterms marked a large increase in female candidates. The law provides for freedom of expression, including for members of the press and other media, and the government generally respected this right. The Interior Secretariat registered 224 verbal and physical attacks against journalists in 2020 and a total of 1,052 between 2015 and 2020, 41 percent of which the secretariat attributed to public servants. Police occasionally failed to provide impoverished detainees access to counsel during arrests and investigations as provided for by law, although the right to public defense during trial was generally respected. Forced labor persisted in the domestic service and in child-care, manufacturing, mining, food-processing, construction, tourism, begging, street-vending, leather-goods-production, and agriculture sectors, especially in the production of chili peppers and tomatoes. Violence and Harassment: Journalists were killed or subjected to physical and cyberattacks, harassment, and intimidation (especially by state agents and transnational criminal organizations) in response to their reporting. Between January and June, the commission registered that 115,534 women received attention in Justice Centers for Women throughout the country, a 19 percent increase over the same period in 2020. The Federal Center took over registration functions nationwide on November 3 and was preparing to launch a national union registry to contain all files related to union registration and statutes, collective bargaining agreements, and union financial statements. As of August there were no developments in the case regarding the abduction and killing of seven-year-old Fatima Aldrighetti Anton. The new wage applied to all sectors and allowed an earner to reach or exceed the poverty line. Use additional caution in areas outside of the frequented tourist areas, although petty crime occurs frequently in tourist areas as well. In many states, police presence and emergency services are extremely limited outside the state capital or major cities. The government had minimal presence in the ownership of news media but remained a significant source of advertising revenue for many media organizations, which at times influenced coverage. In July the CNB reported it had recovered more than 1,100 pounds of charred human remains from La Bartolina, Tamaulipas, a clandestine cremation site found in 2017. There were no government restrictions on academic freedom or cultural events. Review the. The list named at least 50 persons linked to President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, politicians from every party, as well as journalists, lawyers, activists, prosecutors, diplomats, judges, and academics. Battles for territory between criminal groups have resulted in violent crime in areas frequented by U.S. citizens and U.S. government employees, including restaurants and malls during daylight hours. From January to June, the CNDH received nine complaints accusing government agents of forced disappearances, including five against the army and four against the National Guard. All states have their own human rights commissions. Prisons are notoriously unsanitary and overcrowded. In 2018, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of a transgender person from Veracruz who contended that in refusing to change their name and gender marker on their birth certificate, the municipal Civil Registry had violated their rights. All states prohibit marriage of persons younger than age 18. Informal workers lacked access to social protection mechanisms such as health care and retirement benefits. Hundreds of thousands of workers continued to work in foreign-owned factories, mainly in northern border states, producing electronics, medical equipment, and auto parts. Shooting incidents between criminal groupshave injured or killed bystanders. Freedom of Expression for Members of the Press and Media, Including Online Media: Independent media were active and expressed a wide variety of views without restriction but often self-censored due to fear of reprisal. By law a union may call for a strike or bargain collectively in accordance with its own statutes. From 2006 to 2020, at least 50,000 bodies passed through the custody of state and local forensic medical services without being properly identified. Wage and Hour Laws: The tripartite National Minimum Wage Commission is responsible for establishing minimum salaries. Both violent and non-violent crime occur throughout Mexico State. Crime and violence are widespread. Additionally, the INE introduced quotas to promote minority representation, requiring political parties to nominate a certain number of candidates belonging to minority groups, including from indigenous, Afro-Mexican, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+) communities, as well as persons with disabilities. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Yucatan state, which include tourist areas in:Chichen Itza,Merida,Uxmal, andValladolid. Chiapas state Exercise Increased Caution. Obstacles to accessing international protection related most closely to capacity limitations and lack of coordination between the relevant agencies, as opposed to government policy. On June 17, while journalist Gustavo Sanchez Cabrera was riding his motorcycle, two unidentified individuals in a car crashed into him, exited the car, and fatally shot him. There were credible reports that members of security forces committed some abuses. Both the boys and their hairdresser trainers pocketed the government money and went about their lives, criminal or otherwise, as before. Following Ramos killing, Cecilia Flores, the leader of one of the search collectives in which Ramos participated, received death threats. The National Council to Prevent Discriminations 2017 national survey on discrimination found 58 percent of Afro-Mexicans and 65 percent of indigenous persons considered their rights were respected little or not at all. The survey also reported 22 percent of persons said they would not share a household with an Afro-Mexican. The law provides for the right of indigenous persons to elect representatives to local office according to uses and customs law (see section 6, Indigenous Peoples) rather than federal and state electoral law. Lopez had filed a complaint with the Interior Secretariat asking for greater government intervention in the indigenous Tsotsil regions following increased drug trafficking-related violence. Criminal cartels, common criminals, and sometimes police and migration officials regularly target people migrating through Mexico to rob, kidnap, extort, rape, or kill them. In 2019 the Federal Police was disbanded, and in May 2020 all remaining assets and personnel transferred to the National Guard. Detained migrants have said they were not given masks or soap and were denied medical treatment when they had symptoms of Covid-19. Investigations continued into the 2014 disappearances of 43 students from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers College in Iguala, Guerrero. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. As in 2020, NGOs in Campeche and Yucatan submitted multiple civil injunctions against the project citing a lack of transparency regarding environmental impact assessments and adverse effects on indigenous cultural heritage. Links to external websites are provided as a convenience and should not be construed as an endorsement by the U.S. Department of State of the views or products contained therein. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Aguascalientes state. Article 19 reported five journalists killed in relation to their work from January to September 2021. In September, the Supreme Court made three rulings that set important precedents for reproductive rights. Torture is widely practiced to obtain confessions and extract information. The overarching bipolar rivalry between the Sinaloa Cartel and CJNG spans not just Mexico but violently all the way to Colombia and non-violently into the Asia-Pacific. Violent crime is widespread. As one of the worlds top 15 emitters of greenhouse gases, Mexico is contributing to the climate crisis that is taking a growing toll on human rights around the globe. The government increased the CNB budget 8 percent over the 2020 budget. Victims are often held incommunicado at military bases or illegal detention sites. The Mexican governments response remains deeply troubling mostly a hope the criminals will sort it out among themselves. In August Yucatan passed a law legalizing same-sex marriage, increasing the number of states making it legal to 22 of the countrys 32 states. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship both by birth within the countrys territory and from their parents. Migrants were also recruited by criminal organizations to conduct illicit activities. As of September 13, three municipal police officers from Ixtlahuacan de los Membrillos, Jalisco, remained in pretrial detention for the killing of Giovanni Lopez. Puerto Vallarta Crime Rate. The CNDH reported indigenous women were among the most vulnerable groups in society. Disposition: Active According to the Center for Economic Research and Teaching, most criminal suspects did not receive representation until after their first custody hearing, thus making individuals vulnerable to coercion to sign false statements prior to appearing before a judge. This will allow Mexico to increase its emissions while technically meeting its targets. There were reports the government did not always investigate and punish those complicit in abuses against LGBTQI+ persons, especially outside Mexico City. Any work in excess of eight hours in a day is considered overtime, for which a worker is to receive double pay. See the Department of States Annual Report on International Parental Child Abduction at https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases. In a June International Organization for Migration survey, 20 percent of citizens and 35 percent of third-country migrants reported using a smuggler to arrive to the U.S.-Mexico border. The education system provided education for students with disabilities nationwide. On January 14, community leaders went to the municipal headquarters of Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero, to urge revocation of Protestant families local property rights for refusing to participate in the construction and servicing of the local Catholic church. Mexicos foreign policy regarding human rights under the Lpez Obrador administration has been based on the principle of non-intervention. In June, Mexico criticized other countries in the region that had condemned the jailing of critics and opposition candidates in Nicaragua, saying that they were intervening in Nicaraguas internal affairs. On July 14, 10 indigenous men from the Yaqui tribe living in Sonora disappeared while transporting cattle in Bacum. Reports indicated that women suffered disproportionately from pretrial detention. Digital media journalists covering stories such as crime, corruption, and human rights violations experienced physical violence and online abuse. In her more than 20 years in the industry, Dr. McEntire has become one of the most highly respected leaders in food safety . In October 2020 the Electoral Tribunal granted registration to three new political parties: Solidary Encounter Party, Progressive Social Networks, and Social Force for Mexico. On February 19, a constitutional reform eliminated presidential immunity for corruption and other crimes. The Mexican government announced that homicidesdeclined by 3.6% from the previous year to 33,308, just below the 33,739 in 2018 when Andrs Manuel Lpez Obrador became president. Political parties nominated more female candidates for public office in the midterm elections than ever before, including half of their candidates for governor in the 15 races up for election. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office reported a total of 2,041 federal investigations underway into disappearances involving approximately 3,400 persons. Freedom to Participate in the Political Process, Section 4. The Secretariat of National Defense and Secretariat of the Navy also play a role in domestic security, particularly in combating organized criminal groups. As of September 2021, 30 percent of Mexicans had been fully vaccinated against Covid-19 and 47 percent had received at least one dose of the vaccine. Violent crime and gang activity occur in parts of Coahuila state. Five states have laws that restrict the publishing of political caricatures or memes. These laws were seldom applied. As a security official in theTierra Calienteexplained to me, the objective of the deployments of the National Guard or joint patrols is not to fight the criminals, or even to deter them: We send the National Guard in joint patrols with state police or the military to stand on the street. Organized crime activity including gun battles, murder, armed robbery, carjacking, kidnapping, forced disappearances, extortion, and sexual assault is common along the northern border and in Ciudad Victoria. The government worked with UNHCR to improve access to refugee status and the procedure to determine refugee status, reception conditions for vulnerable migrants and refugee applicants, and integration in local communities (including access to school, work, and other social services) for those approved for refugee and complementary protection status. With Autocrats on the Defensive, Can Democrats Rise to the Occasion. On July 21, Merida, Yucatan, municipal police detained Jose Eduardo Ravelo Echeverria. The governments failure to enforce labor laws left workers with little recourse for violations of freedom of association, poor working conditions, and other labor provisions in states that had not yet implemented the new labor justice model. The armed forces operated a military justice system to hold human rights abusers accountable. The law prohibits children younger than age 15 from working and allows those ages 15 to 17 to work no more than six daytime hours in nonhazardous conditions daily, and only with parental permission and permission from the labor authority. Lpez Obrador has cut budgets and personnel to many Mexican institutions and left them with minimal regulatory, oversight, and minimal capacities. State governments reported investigating 12 suspected forced labor cases in 2020. The same tribunal rejected registration challenges from four other parties, including former president Felipe Calderons Free Mexico Party, which the INE argued did not produce sufficient evidence of the origin of some funding it received. Nonetheless, discrimination was common against racial and ethnic minorities, including Black, Afro-Mexican, and indigenous groups. As a result the new Chamber of Deputies had 37 indigenous deputies, six Afro-Mexican deputies, four LGBTQI+ deputies (including two transgender deputies), and eight deputies with disabilities. Some prisons were undersubscribed, while others were overcrowded. More than 23,000 are listed as having disappeared since President Lpez Obrador took office in December 2018. Yet the dismantling of the Federal Police also led to a profound reduction in the number of investigators and investigative capacity in Mexico by some 70-75%, Mexican lawyers and security officials estimated in conversations with me. The National Population Council reported that in 2020 there were 373,661 pregnancies in women younger than age 19 (30 percent above 2019), of which 8,876 were in girls ages 14 or younger. Campeche state Exercise Normal Precautions. In June a federal judge sentenced Juan Francisco Picos Barrueto to 32 years in prison for the 2017 murder of journalist Javier Valdez Cardenas. The government rarely investigated cases of alleged abusive and fraudulent recruitment practices. Travel for U.S. government employees is limited to the following areas with noted restrictions: U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Colima state. Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico) Exercise Increased Caution. Security forces responded by killing four suspects and arresting 25. Increased crime levels and reports of incidents lead the U.S. to review its guidance for travel to Puerto Vallarta in Mexico. The law provides for the freedoms of peaceful assembly and association, and the government generally respected these rights, with some exceptions. Freedom of expression advocacy groups reported the government, despite reductions in its advertising budgets, continued to have a strong financial impact and influence on the largest media companies. Justice in Mexico releases 2021 Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico Report October 22, 2021 10/22/21- (written by rramos)- Justice in Mexico has released the third edition of Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico, coordinated by Laura Y. Caldern, Kimberly Heinle, Rita E. Kuckertz, Octavio Rodrguez Ferreira, and David A. Shirk. Sometimes family members arranged marriages for girls younger than 18. The CNDHs 2020 National Diagnostic of Penitentiary Supervision reported that state prisons were understaffed and suffered from poor sanitary conditions as well as a lack of separation between those sentenced and those awaiting trial. 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