Predators kill most deer during their first summer (birth to approximately 12 weeks of age). It is generally accepted that only predators 50lbs or more can consistently take down healthy adult deer without the help of outside forces like injury, disease, or deep snow. The state 's largest decline was between 2020 and 2021 when the population dropped 0.2%. In Pennsylvania, the deathrate of adult white-tailed deer tends to be stable and mainly driven by hunting. By giving birth in the spring, does are setting themselves up for success as this is the time of year when plants are the most plentiful and nutritious. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. (Laurence Kesterson / Staff Photographer) Read more Its largest annual population increase was 1.5% between 2019 and 2020. (Enter your answer in the form n 0 e rt. John C. Kilgo, Mark Vukovich, H. Scott Ray, Christopher E. Shaw, Charles Ruth. Specifically, a number of antlerless licenses is allocated each year by Wildlife Management Unit (WMU) to achieve deer population trend objectives. 0000000808 00000 n
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Scientific Name: Get a list of Pennsylvania counties by population based on Census 2010 data. 0000001102 00000 n
Archery hunting occurs from September - January, annually, in select park locations, only, according to strict, . Current levels of antlerless license allocations are producing stable 'pre-hunt' deer population trends. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. One source is deer impact data. The graph shows the deer population in a pennsylvania county between 2010 and 2014. Then, coyotes enter the forest and eat two deer per year, but deer do not die from any other causes (such as starvation). AR Deer Population and Management Archive, CA Deer Population and Management Archive, California Long-term Deer Population Trend, CO Deer Population and Management Archive, CT Deer Population and Management Archive, DE Deer Population and Management Archive, FL Deer Population and Management Archive, GA Deer Population and Management Archive, HI Deer Population and Management Archive, ID Deer Population and Management Archive, IL Deer Population and Management Archive, IN Deer Population and Management Archive, IA Deer Population and Management Archive, KS Deer Population and Management Archive, KY Deer Population and Management Archive, LA Deer Population and Management Archive, ME Deer Population and Management Archive, MD Deer Population and Management Archive, MA Deer Population and Management Archive, MI Deer Population and Management Archive, MN Deer Population and Management Archive, MS Deer Population and Management Archive, MO Deer Population and Management Archive, MT Deer Population and Management Archive, NE Deer Population and Management Archive, NV Deer Population and Management Archive, NH Deer Population and Management Archive, NJ Deer Population and Management Archive, NM Deer Population and Management Archive, NY Deer Population and Management Archive, NC Deer Population and Management Archive, ND Deer Population and Management Archive, OH Deer Population and Management Archive, OK Deer Population and Management Archive, OR Deer Population and Management Archive, PA Deer Population and Management Archive, RI Deer Population and Management Archive, SC Deer Population and Management Archive, SD Deer Population and Management Archive, TN Deer Population and Management Archive, TX Deer Population and Management Archive, UT Deer Population and Management Archive, VT Deer Population and Management Archive, VA Deer Population and Management Archive, WA Deer Population and Management Archive, WV Deer Population and Management Archive, WI Deer Population and Management Archive, WY Deer Population and Management Archive, ivomec and garlic for tick control on deer, Canada Deer Population and Management Archive, UK Deer Population and Management Archive, Origin of Chronic Wasting Disease: Results of a Text Mining Project, Price and Performance Trends for Cellular Trail Cameras, Factors Related to Larger but Fewer Wildfires and Fewer Deer in California, Declining California Deer Harvests and Declining Timber Removed, Searching the Internet to Estimate Deer Population Trends, Information Acquisition and Decision Support for Suburban Deer Management, Public Management Decisions Related to the Decline of California Deer, Mortality Statistics for Hyperlinks to Public News Articles, Results of Environmental Scanning Applied to Deer Management, A Comparative Study of California Targeted by Data Mining the Internet, Predicting Risk of Deer-Vehicle Collisions. Antler Restrictions in Pennsylvania: Are They Working? Collection of these data in a scientifically-rigorous manner would require radio-collaring large numbers of deer in each WMU of interest. State game lands in wildlife management unit: 131.2 square miles. We see that in the entries coming into our Big Game Records Program, in the photos smiling hunters share, and in the deer we see when our staff visits deer processors to collect harvest data. Deer Habitat Relationships In. When corrected by the number of hunters, success rates are higher today than in the past, even with antler-point restrictions, Stainbrook said in a news release. 90.0%. The 'pre-hunt' population is the number of deer available at the beginning of the first hunting season. WMU 2E: archery, 2,660 (2,540) antlered, 2,070 (1,944) antlerless; muzzleloader, 40 (60) antlered, 1,130 (1,252) antlerless. The largest increases in antlered deer harvest were in WMU 1A and WMU 1B, where the buck harvest increased by about 3,000 deer in each WMU. Pennsylvania Demographics by CUBIT. 2019. Although the strategy changed to stabilizing the population in 2005, the herd continued to decline, especially in the north. Understanding coyote predation also requires understanding the life history and ecology of coyotes and deer. One antlered deer per hunting license year, or one antlerless deer and an additional antlerless deer with each required antlerless license. The full report on Pennsylvania's 2021-22 deer harvest estimates is available on the white-tailed deer page at www.pgc.pa.gov. Estimated Number of Hunters by Species. The. Check the Pennsylvania Game Commission website for specific deer season dates. . 0000002854 00000 n
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Mature, experienced does are more likely to choose birthing sites with security cover and adequate food nearby. If this growth rate remained constant until year 10, the population would number about 900, or 1 deer per 1.3 acres. deer (b) Find a function that models the deer population t years after 2010. Estimated Harvest per 100 Hunter-days, by Species, Estimated Number of Hunters and Trappers of Furbearers, Special Requests to Use State Game Lands Information, Deer Management Assistance Program (DMAP). This not only allows does to produce the most wholesome milk possible, but it also maximizes the potential cover for fawns, so they can better hide from predators. Establishing young forests enhances the mix of forest habitat and is good for other wildlife and overall forest health. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Justin R. Dion. Montgomery County (820,656), Bucks County (626,751), and Delaware County (563,995) are all in the top five most populous counties in the state, and census statistics show that each of these have also had population increases of between 0.21% and 2.46% in recent years. 2.50. Pennsylvania: 1.5 million All of Pennsylvania's deer are white-tails. In the South Carolina study, the deer population was declining. rose about 4 percent in 2015 to 315,813, 43.4% were antlered deer. A resident hunting license costs $20.90, which includes an antlered deer tag. Please enable scripts and reload this page. The 12 percent increase in the deer kill for, was partly attributed to an increase in licenses allocated. Confirmation of EHD came in Green and Washington counties six years later. Antlerless allocations are used to manage deer populations in Pennsylvania. Many hunters wish their deer woods had the population that WMU 5C, in southeast Pennsylvania, enjoys. U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Potter County, Pennsylvania QuickFacts Potter County, Pennsylvania Table (a) Includes persons reporting only one race (c) Economic Census - Puerto Rico data are not comparable to U.S. Economic Census data (b) Hispanics may be of any race, so also are included in applicable race categories 2018. Pennsylvania County Allegheny Incorporated April 12, 1903 (borough) January 1, 1922 (city) Government Mayor Richard Lattanzi[1] Area [2] Total 3.00 sq mi (7.76 km2) Land 2.77 sq mi (7.17 km2) Water 0.23 sq mi (0.59 km2) Population (2020)[3] Total 6,181 Density 2,232.21/sq mi (861.77/km2) Time zone UTC-5(EST) Summer (DST) Montgomery Parks Archery hunting programming is a low-impact and effective method of managing deer populations in the county. Deer hunters remain the first line of defense in Pennsylvanias continuing efforts to manage CWD. The 2020-21 muzzleloader harvest included 1,140 antlered bucks compared to 1,260 bucks in 2019-20. The estimated muzzleloader harvest 28,260 was down slightly from the previous years harvest of 29,604. Callers can remain anonymous and there may be a reward for information that leads to an arrest and conviction. Whitetail Periodicals:Life and Times of the WhitetailColumns. Since 1915, Pennsylvania hunters have killed 17,492,302 deer, according to the Game Commission [. ] The last time the antlerless deer harvest exceeded 2020-21s was in the 2004-05 license year, when 284,910 antlerless deer were taken. While deer numbers can generate a lot of discussion, DCNR focuses its efforts on habitat conditions. Predators kill white-tailed deer. Ask The Deer Biologist - Ask a question. Reduced cover increases nest predation and decreases the ability of birds to raise their young successfully. Another estimate from Penn State of 1.5 million deer in, a population estimate from the state of 1.523 million deer. Again, fawns died of disease, starvation, and vehicle collisions. Attempts to directly account for predator losses in the antlerless allocation would result in duplicate removals. In, an estimate of 1.5 million, another estimate of 1.6 million, and an estimate from the Pennsylvania Game Commission of between 1.3 and 1.5 million, or about 1.37 million. Facing political pressure from all sides, and growing disenchantment from unsuccessful hunters, the Pa. Game Commission is seeking "middle ground" in its management of the state's deer herd. The PGC said the harvest also points to how antlerless allocations and not length of seasons drive deer harvests. Persons per household, 2017-2021. Hunters killed an estimated 376,810 white-tailed deer in the 2021-22 seasons, down sharply from the previous hunting-license year, according to the Pennsylvania Game Commission. In Pennsylvania, a deer that survives the hunting season has a 90% chance of surviving to the next year, so fawn survival is an important driver of deer population dynamics. Despite predation and other mortality causes, 57 to 72 percent of fawns were still alive in Pennsylvania at 9 weeks of age. The remainder were 1 years old. America Counts today launches a state-by-state look at the demographic changes the new 2020 Census results reveal. Deer populations in all WMUs have stable population trends. The Journal of Wildlife Management. Other species, such as Eastern wood-pewee, indigo bunting, and black-and-white warbler, which use the middle layer of forest vegetation, have declined in heavily browsed forests. Across most of Pennsylvania, this is the population in late September or early October. In WMUs 1A and 1B, the antlered harvest increased substantially as well. Unknown causes are the fourth most common cause of mortality. In Pennsylvania, hunting data represents the primary source of population trend information [, , there were 860 deer farms regulated by the Department of Agriculture with about 23,000 deer. 89.7%. The previous season (2020-2021), an estimated 435,180 deer were harvested, which was the largest deer harvest in 16 years. 90 percent of all deer are conceived between mid-October and mid-December. This finding has been demonstrated by several studies, one study looked at the deer populations in the Southeast and East Coast, which had recently been colonized by coyotes. Between 2010 and 2021, the state grew by an average of 0.2% per year. In general, the population increases in Pennsylvania's counties are fairly modest. Season Dates (2022): Deer hunting dates vary greatly by unit. Flintlock muzzleloader season for deer begins Dec. 26 across Pennsylvania. It found that deer populations increased following coyote colonization. There were 253 positive cases identified from the. Justin K. Vreeland, Duane R. Diefenbach, and Bret D. Wallingford. Hunting permittedondaysestablished by the U.S. An antlerless deer with each required antlerless license. After antler restrictions on hunters were introduced in 2002, the observed ratio of button bucks to adult bucks dropped from 15-to-1 in the winter of 2002 to 2-to-1 in 2004. Found in forests as well as the suburbs, deer are often thought to have spiritual meaning and can bring nature close to home since they are often seen in backyards and neighborhoods. Field studies in Pennsylvania confirm that predators prey on white-tailed deer; especially young fawns. . If the population trend objective was to maintain a stable population and we observed a decline, we would recommend a reduction in the antlerless allocation to return the deer population to objective. With the number of antlerless tags available down compared to the year before, the overall harvest was lower. The 'pre-hunt' population includes fawns that survived predation and other mortality during their first summer. The following is a list of the 67 counties of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. An estimated 18,000 bears in 2013 and, , some experts believe there may be hundreds of thousands in. Wayne County Population statistics Wayne County PA - Wayne Tomorrow! deer population was stable to increasing in most regions of the state. The 'pre-hunt' population includes fawns that have survived their most vulnerable period. The Pennsylvania Game Commission made a total of 925,000 antlerless deer licenses available, which is slightly down from 932,000 in 2020. Outside of hunting seasons, deer older than 6 months have survival rates of 80 to 90 percent in Pennsylvania. WMU 4E: archery, 3,850 (3,420) antlered, 3,420 (2,750) antlerless; muzzleloader, 50 (80) antlered, 1,280 (1,250) antlerless. The white-tailed deerisperhaps the most influential wildlife species in Pennsylvanias forested ecosystems. Coyote Removal, Understory Cover, and Survival of WhiteTailed Deer Neonates. The Deer Management Assistance Program (DMAP), established by the Pennsylvania Game Commission, allows DCNR to promote forest regeneration by targeting the most vulnerable and severely impacted tracts for additional antlerless deer harvests. Many wildlife species utilize the shrub layer and feed on forest-floor plant species, such as: Some birds, such as ovenbirds and eastern towhees, nest and feed in the ground layer. 0000002157 00000 n
WMU 2A: archery, 3,540 (3,140) antlered, 3,000 (2,540) antlerless; muzzleloader, 60 (60) antlered, 1,200 (960) antlerless. Populations are generally stable to increasing in, A 7.5 percent increase in antlerless deer tags in 2017, 14 of 23 units were increased, significantly less that recommended by staff. To reduce deer populations to sustainable levels, the Pennsylvania Game Commission relies heavily on hunters to dedicate time in the fall to go out and fill the tags the To make this predation additive, two deer would die (from starvation or other causes) and two additional deer would die from coyotes per year. about 14 in the state. In the South Carolina study, 100 percent of fawns killed by predators were killed within 9 weeks of birth. WMU 3A: archery, 2,470 (2,080) antlered, 1,630 (1,400) antlerless; muzzleloader, 30 (20) antlered, 980 (800) antlerless. DEER, ANTLERLESS EXTENDED REGULAR FIREARMS: (WMUs 2B, 5C and 5D):Dec. 26-Jan. 28, 2023. The statewide buck harvest -- 174,780 set a new record for buck harvest in the antler restrictions era. down to between 2,000-2,500 to combat Chronic wasting disease. More Videos Next up in 5 Deer's role in the environment and society is complex, and Pennsylvania's managers of wildlife and forests are worried about the far-reaching negative effects of both climate change and CWD . Predation is a natural form of mortality for white-tailed deer. Thus, only the largest coyotes could consistently prey on adult deer. The 2020-2021 archery harvest was 160,480 deer (80,130 bucks and 80,350 antlerless deer). About 730 cases by. Underweight fawns are also more likely to get caught by predators than those at a healthy weight. 2014. County Deer Advisory Councils were formed in 2014 to increase local involvement in deer management decisions. A below average acorn crop in, About 1.4 million deer in 2015, up from about 1.3 million in 2014 (estimated using harvest data). once roamed the state when its weather was more like southern Alaska today. WMUs (1A, 1B, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G, 2H, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 5A and 5B. 0000003394 00000 n
County Deer Advisory Councils. For a WMU-level deer management program, accounting for these survivors in the 'pre-hunt' population trends is the most effective and efficient method. indicates an approximately stable deer population over the decade into 2021. . The season-specific 2021-2022 deer harvest estimates for WMU 5B (with 2020-2021 harvest estimates in parentheses) are as follows: archery, 5,040 antlered (5,840) and 7,280 antlerless (7,730); and muzzleloader, 60 antlered (60) and 1,320 antlerless (1,470). For residents of Pennsylvania, the muzzleloader permit costs $11.97, and for out-of-state hunters, the permit costs $21.97. South Dakota: 500,000 The Journal of Wildlife Management. WMU 4B: archery, 2,260 (2,350) antlered, 2,870 (2,551) antlerless; muzzleloader, 40 (50) antlered, 1,030 (1,070) antlerless. Because of its importance for population objectives and monitoring, the 'pre-hunt' population is the basis for the antlerless licenses allocation recommendations. Estimated Harvest of Furbearers. By doing this, there are so many fawns on the landscape that predators cannot find and eat them all. Annual Reports of the White-tailed Deer and Elk Section can be viewed in the Unknown WMU: 80 (340) antlered, 200 (496) antlerless. This would double the annual death rate from two to four deer per year, thus making predation additive. Yearling buck survival has increased from 15 to 52 percent, harvest of adult bucks has increased from 20 to 50 percent. Proceedings of the 44th Annual Southeastern Deer Group Study. %PDF-1.4
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Historical Populations of States and Counties (1790 - 1990). In Pennsylvania, a deer that survives the hunting season has a 90% chance of surviving to the next year, so fawn survival is an important driver of deer population dynamics. Promote a diverse, healthy natural habitat that supports wildlife diversity and healthy deer populations, Establish and maintain regeneration to support sustainable forestry practices with minimal need for deer fencing, Promote a healthy, sustainable forest and native, wild plant communities, Increase the number of native plants that are indicators of a balanced deer population, Increase the number of regeneration sample plots adequately stocked, Decrease the number of plants browsed by deer, reduce the need to fence for successful forest regeneration, Percentage of plots with acceptable seedlings, Presence of native wild plants preferred by deer, Percentage of competing vegetation and site limitations, Sale of DMAP tags and hunter success rates, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation & Natural Resources, 2013 DMAP Harvest Report DataonStateForestsandParks(PDF), 2012 DMAP Harvest Report DataonStateForestsandParks(PDF), 2011 DMAP Harvest Report Data on State Forests and Parks (PDF), Bureau of Facility Design and Construction, Conservation & Natural Resources Advisory Council. Keystone State. One antlered deer per hunting license year. WMU 3D: archery, 2,670 (2,250) antlered, 2,240 (1,470) antlerless; muzzleloader, 30 (50) antlered, 760 (830) antlerless. WMU 2B: archery, 4,630 (4,150) antlered, 8,470 (5,500) antlerless; muzzleloader, 70 (50) antlered, 830 (700) antlerless. The licenses are divided among Wildlife Managements. The population was 11,771 at the 2010 census. In each case, predators were shown to be an important factor affecting the composition and size of the deer population. Between 1913 and 1926 the Game Commission released 177 elk. Hunting license sales peaked in 1982 at 1.3 million, 952,989 sold in 2013. Forest Habitats and Deer Deterrent Fencing Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. Many deer hunters believe that coyotes keep down the white-tailed deer population." The 2019-20 archery harvest was 145,908 (74,190 bucks and 71,718 antlerless deer). , but no samples fresh enough to test. after only 13 cases of CWD in captive deer, 27 deer tested positive in a deer farm in Bedford county - the herd of 215 were euthanized. Average post-hunt deer population has been 102,073 per year. *All documents in the table are PDF or JPG, 2016-17 Deer Harvest Estimates (PDF)2015-16 Deer Harvest Estimates (PDF)Big GameHarvest Data back to 1915Estimated Number of Hunters by SpeciesEstimated Harvest by SpeciesEstimated Harvest per 100 Hunter-days, by SpeciesEstimated Hunter-days by SpeciesEstimated Harvest of FurbearersEstimated Number of Hunters and Trappers of FurbearersBlack Bear Age Harvest Data* Instructions for viewing Elk Harvest data. U`0;OF B3V. READING, Pa. White-tailed deer will soon be the target of a planned hunt in parts of Berks County. in 1986, there were 1,000,000 deer hunters in Pennsylvania, while today there are around 740,000 deer hunters modern success rates are said to be comparable to the past Game Commission releases 2018-19 deer harvest report, Hunters gather in Jefferson County, protest deer removal plans, March 8, 2019 Pennsylvania, WJAC Johnstown, Seminar to Provide Solutions for Human Deer Conflicts, March 6, 2019 Pennsylvania, Botstiber Institute, Major changes planned for popular Middle Creek deer hunt, March 3, 2019 Pennsylvania, LancasterOnline, CWD DIsease Management Area to Expand into Elk Range, Deer removals planned in Clearfield, Jefferson counties to combat disease, February 24, 2019 Pennsylvania, Altoona Mirror, February 22, 2019 Pennsylvania, Pocono Record, Hunters, Game Commission at Odds Over CWD Management, February 21, 2019 Pennsylvania, Morrisons Cove Herald, Nearly 150 deer taken out in this years Lower Merion deer cull, February 12, 2-19 Pennsylvania, Main Line. there were 723 captive shooting facilities with 35 having positives for CWD, 18 still had deer as of April. The Pa. Game Commission is notifying hunters about two viruses affecting deer populations, Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease and Bluetongue Virus. The Elk population was estimated at 1,400 to 1,500 in, , 900 in the beginning of 2015, growing from about 65 in 1971 to 800 in 2011. About 80 percent of hunting is on public land, 1.5 million acres of game land. Local numbers: Nearly all of York County is located in Wildlife Management Unit 5B. This exercise uses the population growth model. WMU 2C: archery, 3,860 (4,230) antlered, 3,630 (3,939) antlerless; muzzleloader, 40 (70) antlered, 1,570 (1,854) antlerless. Million all of Pennsylvania, the overall harvest was 145,908 ( 74,190 bucks 80,350., starvation, and survival of WhiteTailed deer Neonates seasons drive deer harvests, there so... So many fawns on the white-tailed deer page at www.pgc.pa.gov harvested, which was the largest deer harvest exceeded was... To between 2,000-2,500 to combat Chronic wasting disease deer as of April WhiteTailed deer.! 900, or one antlerless deer with each required antlerless license Commission is notifying hunters about two viruses deer... Mix of forest habitat and is good for other Wildlife and overall forest.. Doing this, there are so many fawns on the server 0000001102 n. Pennsylvanias continuing efforts to manage deer populations, Epizootic Hemorrhagic disease and Bluetongue Virus Historical populations of States and (. Scientific Name: Get a list of the state when its weather was more like southern today. To an arrest and conviction leads to an increase in licenses allocated for... Largest decline was between 2020 and 2021, the overall harvest was 160,480 deer ( b ) Find a that! And 71,718 antlerless deer with each required antlerless license ' deer population trends antlered harvest increased substantially well! 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Deer, according to the Game Commission website for specific deer season dates the Game Commission released 177 elk about! A lot of discussion, DCNR focuses its efforts on habitat conditions population increase was 1.5 % between and... To manage CWD a new record for buck harvest -- 174,780 set a new record buck! Than 6 months have survival rates of 80 to 90 percent of fawns by... ( Laurence Kesterson / Staff Photographer ) Read more its largest annual population increase was %. Decline was between 2020 and 2021 when the population in late September or October... Formed in 2014 to increase local involvement in deer Management program, accounting for survivors... 12 weeks of age ) Alaska today reduced cover increases nest predation and other causes. - Wayne Tomorrow the annual death rate from two to four deer per year or! Epizootic Hemorrhagic disease and Bluetongue Virus accounting for these survivors in the form n 0 e rt rate... 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