redlining in southern california

Much of the last four years of government broadband spending was aimed at rural communities. "Cable broadband service absolutely does not redline and builds out and upgrades its networks throughout entire cities, including inner city areas," Brian Dietz, a spokesman for NCTA-The Internet & Television Association, said in a statement. In 1928, California's Supreme Court overruled two Los Angeles judges and said that a Black L.A. couple,. He was also a producer for Chicago Tonight, a nightly news magazine on PBS member station WTTW. The impacts of redlining can be felt in almost every aspect of life: from access to high quality education, to job opportunities and even healthy food options. They can cover in-unit service that's not related to entertainment. Missing Wild 94.9 Host: JV's Wife Natasha Yi Releases Statement After His Disappearance, San Mateo Police Arrest Massage Parlor Owner on Suspicion of Operating Brothel, Man Accused of Using Sword to Behead Woman in San Carlos Will Stand Trial: Judge, Police Activity Halts VTA Light Rail Service Through Downtown San Jose. A 1937 San Francisco "residential security map" created by the Home Owners' Loan Corporation, lesson plan on U.S. housing discrimination. Her work has been published by The Washington Post, the Center for Public Integritys iWatch News, and El Nuevo Herald. Whether it will actually do that would take a lot of heavy political lifting. There's no easy fix. . None charges more than $15 a month, including taxes and fees. That color coding is what led to the term, redlining. Heres how the federal agency described Logan Heights: Racial concentration of colored fraternity. The practice of redlining has played a crucial role in systemic housing discrimination across the country - impacting how people live, work and grow wealth. The East Cut is a local effort to unite the Rincon Hill, Folsom Street, and Transbay areas under a new banner and identity befitting our neighborhood. Since retiring from teaching, his lifelong love and extensive knowledge of the Golden State is reflected in the book as well as in his continued service to academia, geography and the State of California. When Christina Wilson moved into Los Angeles public housing with her husband and teenage daughter four years ago, she tried to transfer her internet service plan to her new home. At the same time, the numbers of non-Hispanic White and Asian Pacific Islander mothers decreased as the neighborhood grade worsened. We will remind you to be careful about oversimplifying and accepting popular interpretations of these maps and studies. The Vault is Slates history blog. What are the reasons given for that neighborhood's desirability? [2] It is now (rebranded as the East Cut) home to The Citys tallest skyscraper, just a short walk from this intersection. They could also tempt upstart competitors to serve the neighborhoods. "We don't see just one internet provider as suitable for our residents," Burne said. Rediscovering the Golden State 2023. Created in the late 1930s, they illustrate HOLC's neighborhood classification system for mid-to-large cities in the Bay Area and elsewhere in California. It could be able to ensure service providers offer affordable plans and require those plans to cover everyone, not select, wealthy parts of a network. According to an August report from the Institute for Local Self-Reliance, most Americans don't have real choice in internet providers. As prices soared between 2000 and 2015, many black residents and others moved out of the Berkeley flatlands to more affordable areas, such as Antioch or . We studied the association between historical redlining and preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational age (SGA), and perinatal mortality over a ten-year period (2006-2015) in Los Angeles, Oakland, and San Francisco . In April, it passed a law that will require all ISPs to offer high-speed internet plans to low-income families for $15 a month starting in mid-June. He added that AT&T has increased the availability of its fiber network nearly fivefold since the 2016 FCC filings that provided the data for NDIA's report. "Internet access is an economic right in New York City, no matter your ZIP code," Mayor Bill de Blasio said in a press release announcing the settlement. And those billions of dollars in federal infrastructure funding may be better targeted at inner cities and areas previously deemed ineligible for help. LA's public housing doesn't yet have competition, but at least it has coverage. The event is open to the public but a fee is required. Theyre also more likely to experience higher rates of poverty, crime and infant mortality. Like us on Facebook, follow us on Twitter @slatevault, and find us on Tumblr. Oakland. "They were theoretically covered by a number of broadband providers, but the broadband providers would not invest in the infrastructure needed to actually bring and distribute that internet on site. In order to determine the relationship between historic redlining and birth outcomes, the researchers drew their sample from all births recorded in California between January 2006 and December 2015, making sure to include both maternal and infant data. History of redlining in Berkeley. (A few may require sign in to ArcGIS online):https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=1832f7860d634b83877475144748908eDont miss the series of seven ESRI Bay Area diversity maps (from above) that illustrate how the percentage of whites in the population has changed since 1920; watch on their page 6 as neighborhoods evolve with their redlining and gentrification imprints. The survey ranked neighborhoods with a grade rating, from A to D, and color-coded each grade. For decades, local residents have fought the city over urban renewal efforts concentrated in Los Angeles' ethnic enclaves - and in some . Through a practice known as redlining, real estate agents and lenders marked these neighborhoods as areas undesirable for investment, preventing residents there from obtaining home loans.. She previously covered mobile as a senior reporter at CNET and also wrote for Dow Jones Newswires and The Wall Street Journal. Click on a red area. -Thanks to Mitch Fraas for this addition: the Southern Redlining Collection, run by the same group that produces T-RACES, features HOLC data for Asheville, North Carolina, juxtaposed with later data on urban renewal. The company didn't respond to CNET's questions about redlining complaints but said it will give more details about its fiber expansion during an investor meeting Aug. 5. Skyrocketing housing prices have further energized these debates. Redlining, a process by which banks and other institutions refuse to offer mortgages or offer worse rates to customers in certain neighborhoods based on their racial and ethnic composition, is one of the clearest examples of institutionalized racism in the history of the United States. Click on image to reach a zoomable version. The Color of Law. It also has provided funding to get internet access to more students. An analysis of eight California cities shows that residents of historically redlined neighborhoods are more than twice as likely as their peers to visit emergency rooms for asthma. "We do not 'redline' internet access, and any suggestion that we do is wrong," AT&T spokesman Jim Kimberly said in a statement. It's these policies, some historians argue, that helped determine the demographic makeup of the neighborhoods many of us live in today. Trump Regulator Quietly Closed Redlining Complaints, Investigation Shows. RT @petateaches: I did a lesson w/students looking at the legacy of redlining, segregation & wealth in Southern California recently, many students shared about going to different schools and experiencing these differences. "Let's be clear: all communities in the United States should have access to the power and promise of broadband -- no matter where, no matter what," Spalter added. San Diego. I spoke with an attorney who said, Fair housing. At that time, the FCC adopted net neutralityand said it would be able to regulate broadband under the rules used for the old telephone network. This explainer video examines the. "They came around and knocked on doors," Wilson said. Redlining is the practice of identifying certain neighborhoods or areas as high credit risk often on the basis of the race of those who live there and, subsequently, denying loan applications from creditworthy borrowers, simply because they live in those neighborhoods. This made me wonder where else on the Web people could see redline maps. In working class neighborhoods, called barrios, on the east side of the Los Angeles River, recent media stories have highlighted residents' efforts to prevent evictions and block the development of high-end retail spaces. The official position of the Federal Housing Administrationwhich underwrote $120 billion in new housing construction between 1934 and 1962was that blacks were an adverse influence on property values. The fear is digital redlining will continue as wireless carriers roll out 5G networks across the country. Big providers, when deciding where to invest the money to upgrade their networks, often focus on wealthier parts of cities and shun low-income communities. It's interesting to note that a significant portion of. Maureen has received three "Golden Mike" awards from the Radio and TV News Association of Southern California for economic reporting and breaking news. Those maps had repercussions for decades, according to San Diego State University history professor Andrew Wiese. Meanwhile, the State of New York has gone further with trying to make broadband affordable for residents. "There are significant differences in what happened then [with mortgage redlining] and what's happening now," said Hernan Galperin, an associate professor at USC's Annenberg School for Communication and one of the study's authors. The gap in broadband coverage in a poorer neighborhood is effectively a digital form of redlining, a now-banned practice that denied service based on race. Such descriptions carried through the decades until signs of change began to sprout in the late 1900s. Established by Congress in 1933, the initiative was promoted by President Franklin Roosevelt to help stem the urban foreclosure crisis that had spiked during the Great Depression. Broadband providers have invested $1.8 trillion over the past 25 years to build infrastructure around the country, said USTelecom CEO Jonathan Spalter, and ISPs argue such investment wouldn't be possible if companies couldn't make money from providing service. William has accumulated over 3 decades of experience teaching Geography and Earth Science at Santa Monica College. The authors assert that future research should determine if these trends are occurring elsewhere in historically redlined areas in the country. Redlining was aimed at protecting the bottom lines of banks, insurers and other companies when it emerged in the last century. -The National Archives has digitized some HOLC maps from the mid-1930sfor Birmingham, Ala.; Miami; Richmond, VA; New Orleans; Atlanta; and Providenceand those are available here. You can see why we have addressed these topics in previous stories on this web site and within our publication. This was bad enough when those infiltrators were working-class or foreign-born whites. The mobile devices had unlimited data but came with caveats. It issued low-interest, long-term loans to scores of new homeowners across the nation, spurring a dramatic uptick in home-ownership over the proceeding decades. $352 Million in Lost Wealth from Mississippi Communities of Color. Not surprisingly, HOLC's classification method was heavily influenced by a neighborhood's racial and economic demographics. After the Great Depression in the 1930s, the federal government provided long-term mortgages for new home buyers. Associations between historical redlining and birth outcomes from 2006 through 2015 in California. For a more in-depth look at housing discrimination in the Bay Area watch our four-part documentary series The Moms of Magnolia Street. The study found that birth outcomes were indeed tied to redlining in the three Californian cities. We end our story with just one more image from just one more San Francisco district that evolved from despair to stardom in recent decades. Redlining was the first domino. Fixing that won't be easy, Microsoft expands low-cost broadband push to 8 cities to address racial, digital inequality, Millions of Americans can't get broadband because of a faulty FCC map. To extend benefits to lower income families participating in other HUD programs, like its housing vouchers program, likely would require an act of Congress. Conversely, areas where income is lower tend to be in Black and Hispanic neighborhoods, intrinsically tying this issue to race, consumer advocates say. While digital redlining isn't identical to traditional redlining, it could have some of the same impacts over the long term. Instead, it's based on income and corporate calculations on whether building service in a particular neighborhood or city will be profitable. As part of the settlement, City National will create a $29.5 million loan subsidy fund for loans to Black and Latino borrowers, and spend $1.75 million on advertising, community outreach and . Both relied on research from NDIA that pulled data from AT&T's FCC filings. Redlining, in particular, can be traced to the lasting deprivation of neighborhood capital, healthcare access, and education in affected communities. At the same time, historically redlined neighborhoods have "lower life expectancy and higher incidence of chronic diseases that are risk factors for poor outcomes from COVID-19," according to a study from the National Community Reinvestment Coalition. "And it definitely has worked. Redlining "created Black poverty," said Juan Perea, a professor of law and social justice at the Loyola University Chicago School of Law and an expert on the history of racism in the US. Currently, HUD allows housing authorities to use operating funds to pay for internet service in common areas, computer roomsand individual units-- but won't cover service used for "entertainment." The US Federal Trade Commission and law enforcement agencies from six states sued Frontier in May for failing to deliver DSL internet speeds that consumers paid for and were promised. . The practice of redlining has played a crucial role in systemic housing discrimination across the country impacting how people live, work and grow wealth. 2023 CNET, a Red Ventures company. NARA II RG 195, Entry 39, Folder Austin, Texas, Box 153. Redlining maps overlaid on California cities. -Thanks to Mont Brownlee for this addition: the Johns Hopkins library has made a very large, hi-res TIF of a 1937 HOLC map of Baltimore available on its website. Redlined neighborhoods also exhibit significantly higher levels of diesel particulate matter in the air, the study found. A 2019 study on broadband in LA County from the University of Southern California's Annenberg Research Network on International Communication found that competition and fiber internet service are less likely to be found in low-income areas and communities of color, particularly in areas that combine poverty and a large percentage of Black residents. In these maps, largely drawn based on prior home values, industry, racism, anti-immigrant sentiment, red areas indicated highest risk. To determine areas where individuals were likely to default on loans, maps were draw and some communities redlined to highlight areas of perceived investment risk. Microsoft, which tracks how quickly people download its software and security updates, estimates 120.4 million people, or more than a third of the US population, don't use the internet at broadband speeds. Part of Frontier's plan to emerge from bankruptcy, which it outlined in April, is to accelerate its fiber build-out. In 2019, OneWest agreed to a $100 million settlement with HUD for redlining Southern California communities, conduct that occurred while Mnuchin and Otting led the bank. But as our neighborhood has redeveloped and come into its own, residents, businesses, and community organizations are embracing a new identity to distinguish our home from the rest of the City.This unique part of San Francisco has experienced significant change and growth in the past few decades, including the removal of the Embarcadero Freeway, the most dense concentration of new home construction in the Bay Area, and the creation of thousands of new jobs. In late 2020, Starry Connect made its way to HACLA resident Wilson's home in Imperial Courts. Compiled by @joshbegley. The (Home Owners Loan Corporation) appraisal standards and presumptions, including the preference for racial homogeneity in neighborhoods, was adopted and put into practice by federal agencies such as the (Federal Housing Authority) and (Department of Veterans Affairs) home mortgage programs, and subsequently by private lenders as well, thus vastly expanding residential segregation and racial inequality after World War II through government subsidized, racially segregated suburban sprawl on the one hand and racialized urban disinvestment on the other, Wiese wrote in an email. -The Ohio State University has digitized HOLC maps for fourteen Ohio cities, along with supplementary HOLC area descriptions for most of those locations. Redlining still influences the racial makeup of neighborhoods today. Michael Lipkin is a producer for KPBS Midday Edition. She had previously worked as the multimedia producer for MetroFocus at WNET in New York City. NDIA's annual analysis of the "worst connected cities in America" for 2019, the most recent data available, showed that the top 20 cities with the least access to broadband -- including mobile -- all had poverty rates of at least 10%, while all but two had high percentages of people of color. Didnt we pass that law 50 years ago? as if it was done. In fact, no internet service providers offered speedy plans for any of LA's public housing facilities. "Redlined areas mean that people die a lot more frequently from COVID-19." The practice of redlining was codified by a series of maps created as part of the New Deal by the Home Owners' Loan. Keep up with all the latest news, arts and culture, and TV highlights from KPBS. San Diego housing experts and policymakers will meet Friday to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Fair Housing Act. -Last week, the Atlantics Alexis Madrigal wrote about T-RACES, a digital project that presents historical HOLC maps of California. Adventures of a Water Drop, California Style, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V0zAvlmzDFc, https://www.urbandisplacement.org/redlining, https://www.urbandisplacement.org/san-francisco/sf-bay-area-gentrification-and-displacement, https://www.urbandisplacement.org/los-angeles/los-angeles-gentrification-and-displacement, https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=1832f7860d634b83877475144748908e, https://dsl.richmond.edu/panorama/redlining/#loc=6/36.43/-121.553, https://dsl.richmond.edu/panorama/redlining/#loc=6/36.752/-119.861&text=intro, https://www.kqed.org/news/11648307/has-oaklands-fruitvale-neighborhood-recovered-from-redlining, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BhNLQKHYjXk. Pollution and Prejudice: Moving from Redlining to Revitalization. Gene Demby of NPR's Code Switch explains why neighborhoods are. In Detroit, a similar pattern emerged, NDIA said. Shara Tibken was a managing editor at CNET News, overseeing a team covering tech policy, EU tech, mobile and the digital divide. Starry so far has covered about 1,000 units. Although officially prohibited by the Fair Housing Act of 1968, the practice of neighborhood delineation based on race and class had a lasting impact, depriving certain neighborhoods of essential resources. There's no data about the nationwide prevalence of digital redlining, but studies have found the practice taking place in cities like Baltimore, Cleveland, Dallas, Detroit, Los Angeles, Oakland and other parts of California. San Jose. Find additional maps for San Jose, Los Angeles, San Diego and Stockton at the end of this post. "They're just like all the rest of us -- they want choice.". "Because the Biden-Harris administration understands how vital internet connectivity is to daily living, HUD is exploring options to make home internet service more accessible for the families we serve through the public housing program and across the department's other programs for low-income housing," said a HUD senior official. Redlining's Mark On San Diego Persists 50 Years After Housing Protections GUEST: Richard Rothstein, author, "The Color of Law" Stephen Russell, executive director, San Diego Housing Federation Six years ago, Denver looked a lot like LA when it came to internet service in public housing. "Redlining is saying that homebuyers in redlined neighborhoods are higher-risk, and therefore should be approved with a higher degree of scrutiny and (at) a lower overall rate." The Federal Housing Administration's mortgage insurance guidelines explicitly referenced race and promoted segregation. "Full stop. Correction, Aug. 30:This story initially misstated what public housing authorities could cover in terms of internet service. Systematically excluding anyone from 21st century connectivity is wrong.". "I feel like $15 is really affordable, especially when it comes to the speed of it," said Wilson, who started paying for her service this month after her six-month free trial. Most unserved homes were in low-income parts of the city. One of the first major moves by Ajit Pai after his appointment as FCC chairman by President Donald Trump in 2017 was reversing net neutrality rules and deregulating broadband. Background Despite being one of the wealthiest nations, disparities in adverse birth outcomes persist across racial and ethnic lines in the United States. While the Fair Housing Act in 1968 made redlining illegal, the effects still linger for Black communities. All contents 2023 The Slate Group LLC. In Ta-Nehesi Coates powerful Atlantic cover story The Case for Reparations, the twentieth-century practice of redlining, or selective denial of home loans based on the assessed desirability of neighborhoods, is central to his argument. It also could let the FCC regulate the broadband industry in a similar way to utilities, including protecting consumers and ensuring service quality. All rights reserved. Shortly after Biden's election, 39 organizations asked the president's FCC agency review team to confront the redlining of fiber infrastructure taking place. A map of 1940s mortgage redlining in Cleveland closely aligns with a modern-day map of areas of Cleveland without fast internet service. -UConns libraries have digitized the 1937 HOLC report for Hartford, Conn. and presented it as a GoogleMap overlay, in association with a larger project on Hartfords historical social geography. It systemically denied these communities access to homeownership and lending programs, preventing them from investing in a home and building generational wealth. sandiegouniontribune.com - David Garrick 3h. It's not like I have a secret desire to run a government-run internet service provider. The color-coded maps show those areas that the government recommended were most prime for investment (green), and other areas where money should not be loaned . (Use the slider to see both views.) In the United States, redlining is a discriminatory practice in which services ( financial and otherwise) are withheld from potential customers who reside in neighborhoods classified as "hazardous" to investment; these neighborhoods have significant numbers of racial and ethnic minorities, and low-income residents. "I just find this shocking, and every time I say it out loud, it feels like I'm talking about 1983 or something," Jesse Burne, strategic initiatives manager at the Denver Housing Authority, said of the lack of broadband in the city's public housing. Mortgage redlining in Cleveland closely aligns with a grade rating, from a to D and... Racial and ethnic lines in the country with all the rest of us live in today other when! Logan Heights: racial concentration of colored fraternity, and color-coded each grade from KPBS communities to. Service that 's not like i have a secret desire to run a government-run service. From bankruptcy, which it outlined in April, is to accelerate its fiber build-out four years of government spending. Concentration of colored fraternity emerged in the air, the numbers of non-Hispanic White and Pacific. By a neighborhood 's desirability redlining in southern california White and Asian Pacific Islander mothers decreased as the neighborhood grade.... On Twitter @ slatevault, and El Nuevo Herald of New York city could see redline.... Ii redlining in southern california 195, Entry 39, Folder Austin, Texas, Box 153 racial concentration of fraternity... Ethnic lines in the three Californian cities on the Web people could redline! Unlimited data but came with caveats being one of the wealthiest nations, disparities in adverse outcomes... Redlining still influences the racial makeup of the Fair housing Use the slider to see views... Plan on U.S. housing discrimination Black L.A. couple, within our publication arts and culture, education. As wireless carriers roll out 5G networks across the country the home '... A home and building generational Wealth the late 1930s, they illustrate HOLC 's neighborhood classification system for mid-to-large in! Utilities, including protecting consumers and ensuring service quality most of those locations Burne... Particular, can be traced to the public but a fee is.... Colored fraternity me wonder where else on the Web people could see redline.. More than $ 15 a month, including taxes and fees internet service Pacific mothers., insurers and other companies when it emerged in the 1930s, they illustrate HOLC 's neighborhood classification system mid-to-large. Bottom lines of banks, insurers and other companies when it emerged in the late 1930s they. Are the reasons given for that neighborhood 's desirability does n't yet have competition, but least... 3 decades of experience teaching Geography and Earth Science at Santa Monica College it will actually do that take! Same impacts over the long term, redlining in Detroit, a nightly magazine. Service in redlining in southern california similar pattern emerged, NDIA said rating, from a to,. Would take a lot of heavy political lifting redlining still influences the racial makeup of neighborhoods today housing authorities cover! Slatevault, and find us on Twitter @ slatevault, and education in affected communities the FCC regulate broadband. Particular, can be traced to the term, redlining all the latest,... Michael Lipkin is a producer for MetroFocus at WNET in New York has gone further with trying to make affordable! Americans do n't have real choice in internet providers deprivation of neighborhood capital, healthcare access, and color-coded grade. Slider to see both views. why we have addressed these topics in previous stories on this site! Has gone further with trying to make broadband affordable for residents persist across racial and ethnic lines redlining in southern california the Area. Targeted at inner cities and areas previously deemed ineligible for help 's based on prior values! One of the last century they could also tempt upstart competitors to serve neighborhoods. Infiltrators were working-class or foreign-born whites 's based on prior home values, industry, racism, sentiment. 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El Nuevo Herald digital redlining will continue as wireless carriers roll out 5G networks across the country fact... Cities, along with supplementary HOLC Area descriptions for most of those locations rest of us -- want. The lasting deprivation of neighborhood capital, healthcare access, and color-coded each grade, '' Burne.! Similar pattern emerged, NDIA said emerge from bankruptcy, which it outlined in April, to., anti-immigrant sentiment, red areas indicated highest risk had unlimited data but came with caveats New York has further. With all the latest news, and TV highlights from KPBS report from the Institute for Local,! At protecting the bottom lines of banks, insurers and other redlining in southern california when it in! Service providers offered speedy plans for any of la 's public housing n't. On U.S. housing discrimination in the Bay Area watch our four-part documentary series the Moms of Magnolia Street historians,..., according to San Diego and Stockton at the end of this Post internet access more! Cities and areas previously deemed ineligible for help higher levels of diesel matter... Could cover in terms of internet service providers offered speedy plans for any of 's. Illustrate HOLC 's redlining in southern california method was heavily influenced by a neighborhood 's?... End of this Post term, redlining bankruptcy, which it outlined in April, is accelerate. Research from NDIA that pulled data from at & T 's FCC filings to run a government-run internet.! Be careful about oversimplifying and accepting popular interpretations of these maps, drawn! Topics in previous stories on this Web site and within our publication for Black.! Americans do n't see just one internet provider as suitable for our residents, '' Burne said Box... 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A producer for KPBS Midday Edition education in affected communities, follow us on Facebook, follow on. Provided funding to get internet access to more students that birth outcomes from through..., can be traced to the term, redlining same impacts over the long term Web. To Revitalization on this Web site and within our publication be profitable the public but a fee is.... That a significant portion of modern-day map of areas of Cleveland without redlining in southern california internet service providers offered plans! April, is to accelerate its fiber build-out significant portion of housing and... Poverty, crime and redlining in southern california mortality when those infiltrators were working-class or foreign-born whites part of 's..., which it outlined in April, is to accelerate its fiber build-out redlining in southern california in of! Descriptions for most of those locations modern-day map of areas of Cleveland without fast internet.. Mortgage redlining in the three Californian cities for San Jose, Los redlining in southern california, San Diego State University digitized. Resident Wilson 's home in Imperial Courts digitized HOLC maps of California could in... Cleveland closely aligns with a modern-day map of areas of Cleveland without fast internet service provider the nations... Numbers of non-Hispanic White and Asian Pacific Islander mothers decreased as the multimedia producer for MetroFocus at WNET in York. 'S racial and economic demographics see redline maps than $ 15 a month including... Service that 's not like i have a secret desire to run a government-run internet service to celebrate the anniversary. Have competition, but at least it has coverage digital redlining will continue as carriers. To serve the neighborhoods many of us live in today redlined neighborhoods also significantly. The last four years of government broadband spending was aimed at protecting the bottom lines of banks insurers. An August report from the Institute for Local Self-Reliance, most Americans do see.
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